Advanced Redox Equation Balancing

We have already considered simple and a not so, Redox Disproportionation Reactions. Those could be easily balanced and parameterized by means of Electrochemistry tool. But what if there are more than two basic redoxes take place within single reaction (let alone non-conventional redox potentials…) ? Here we will consider a good example by balancing a following beast:

Cr₇N₆₆H₉₆C₄₂O₂₄ + MnO₄^– + H⁺ = Cr₂O₇^2- + Mn²⁺ + CO₂ + NO₃^– + H₂O

Liposome Calculator

Liposome Calculator is a scientific tool available on Apple Store for iOS and Mac, that helps fully parameterize complex lipid mixture systems, providing user with complete information regarding preparation procedure. This application enables calculation of concentrations (molarity and mg/ml), component moles, final solution volume etc., based upon initial data provided, such as: initial concentrations of the stock solutions, initial volumes and desired molar ratios and target molar concentration.

Binary Float Converter

Binary Float Converter is a tool for conversion of numeric digital representations. It converts decimal, hexadecimal, signed binary Integer (32bit), Float binary (32bit) and Double binary (64bit)  two’s complement representations. The app is available in Apple Store.

Stoichiometry Pro

Stoichiometry Pro is ios and macos application available in Apple Store, that targets common stoichiometric tasks: balancing chemical reactions of unlimited number of components, finding molar masses, moles and masses of reactants and products and defining the limiting reagent, based on chemical formulas, stoichiometric coefficients, and any quantitative data provided.

General Chemistry

General Chemistry is an iOS application, that is available in Apple Store. It provides user with the most essential chemical data and calculators, such as interactive periodic table, chemical elements info, chemical reaction balancer, pH, ideal gas, Molecular Weight and mass composition calculators.

Precipitation Titration

Precipitation titration is a type of chemical titrimetric analysis, where precipitation reaction between the analyte and titrant serves as titration method. Visually titration can be followed, by means of color changing indicators, that form precipitate (Mohr method), or complex (Volhard method) with excess of titrant or adsorb to the titration precipitate (Fajans method) . In this post we will provide detailed quantitative analysis and build a curve of a precipitation titration with a help of “Chemical Solution Wizard” and “Solubility “ applications.

Redox Disproportionation Reactions

Disproportionation reactions is a special type of redox reactions where atoms of the same element change their oxidation states towards oxidation and reduction simultaniously.  Important to notice that atoms can participate in reaction as single entities or whithin polyatomic molecules, bearing charge (ions) or uncharged. We are going to use Electrochemistry application to analyse several disproportionation reactions.

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Sincerely Yours,

Roman

Stoichiometry in a Gas Phase

Following high interest in Stoichiometry application, the new scientific tool – Gas Phase Stoichiometry has been developed and is now available at Apple Store for ios devices. The application helps with parameterization of unidirectional chemical reactions contaning gaseous compounds. The application balances chemical reactions, derives molar weights, moles, pressures and volumes of reactants and products based on their chemical formulas, stoichiometric coefficients and user defined temperature, enclosing volume or external pressure. Application provides two layouts: the first is for reactions occurring at user defined constant volume, where partial pressures of compounds are calculated and the second is for reactions occurring at user defined constant external pressure, where volumes of gaseous compounds are analysed. Molecular formula format: charge or unpaired electrons (in free radicals), if exist, must be provided as well, separated by coma: Na,+ ; R,: ; SO4,2- . Application supports state indexes: (g), (s), (l), (aq) – all are lowercase only, placed at the end of compound formula. The initial data can be sent directly from Stoichiometry application to calculate pressures and volumes of gaseous compounds.

Titration of Triprotic Acid

Neutralization titration is an analytical technique for estimation of concentration and strength of analyte acid or base. The known and calibrated, strong (undergoes complete dissociation) titrant solution is added in a drop wise manner to the unknown, analysed solution to build a pH – titrant volume plot – titration curve.

All the theoretical aspects presented below have been implemented in “Acid Base pH” application available on Apple Store for iOS  and for Mac.